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In severe cases, leaf spot causes leaf dieback and can ultimately lead to the death of the entire plant. The first stage of the disease begins as green, water-soaked areas that soon dry and turn brown. The fungal pathogen ( Mycosphaerella macrospora) thrives in areas of prolonged mild and very damp weather. Iris leaf spot is the most common and widespread disease encountered in production. Insects and Diseasesĭutch irises are generally insect- and pest-free however, poorly drained soils contribute to disease problems. Irises are susceptible to disease problems in wet or poorly drained soils. Thoroughly soak the soil, and do not water again until the soil is dry. Many commercial producers use closer spacing to maximize yields, placing bulbs side by side.ĭuring floral development, irises need to be watered approximately every week depending on the growing environment. Plant rows of Dutch iris bulbs 18–24 inches apart. This amounts to roughly four bulbs per 16 square inches. When used as a cut flower, producers in the Netherlands recommend planting bulbs 4 inches deep and 4 inches apart to maximize the number of harvestable flowers in the production area. If you decide to replant fresh bulbs every fall, only two fertilizer applications are needed. Fertilize plants with a 5-10-5 fertilizer three times a year: at fall planting to encourage root formation, in the spring after emergence to feed foliage growth, and after harvest to prepare the bulb for dormancy. Contact your local Extension office to learn about this worthwhile process. It is always good practice to monitor the soil fertility with a soil test.
DUTCH IRIS FULL
Flower quality can begin to suffer in areas without full sun.ĭutch irises are hardy plants and do not require excessive amounts of nutrition to produce flowers. Plant bulbs in an area that receives full sun, but they can tolerate a bit of afternoon shade, especially in areas at the warmer end of the hardiness range. When planting in areas with poor drainage, mix organic matter (compost, manure, or composted pine bark) into the soil to increase the drainage.
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Cultural Practicesĭutch irises prefer well-drained soil.
![dutch iris dutch iris](https://img.crocdn.co.uk/images/products2/pl/20/00/04/00/pl2000040084_card2_lg.jpg)
You can treat Dutch iris as an annual plant and plant new bulbs every fall. To ensure an ample supply of cut stems to use over time, plant bulbs in beds successively, at 7- to 14-day intervals. If you must store bulbs before planting, keep them in a cool (50–70☏), dry area away from direct sunlight. For best results, plant the bulbs within a month of receiving them from the supplier. Since Dutch irises flower in the spring, their bulbs should be planted in the fall. Like tulips, bulb size correlates to flower size, so choose the largest bulbs available. When purchasing bulbs, make sure you choose a reputable supplier to avoid low-quality bulbs. Dutch Iris Productionĭutch irises are bulbous. Members of the Scorpius subgroup contain thick, fleshy roots during the resting stage and include the Juno iris. Irises belonging to the Xiphium subgroup are rootless during the resting, or dormancy, stage and include the Dutch, Spanish, and English varieties. Bulbous irises are divided into two subgroups: Xiphium and Scorpiris. Like rhizomes, bulbs are modified, plate-like stems surrounded by cylindrical leaves, with the growing point emerging from the top of the plate. Unlike rhizomatous irises, bulbous irises are grown from bulbs. Their flowers are typically ephemeral, lasting only about 1 day in vase arrangements. Popular rhizomatous iris species include the Siberian, Spuria, Japanese, African, Californian, German, and Louisiana. Each year, rhizomes give rise to offshoots that may be divided and transplanted, producing new irises. Rhizomatous irises have underground stems called rhizomes that store food produced by the leaves. There are more than 200 species of irises that are separated into two major groups: rhizomatous or bulbous. They can be found growing on nearly every continent. Iris flowers come in a range of colors, including blue, yellow, purple, bronze, rose, and gold. Today, the fleur-de-lis has been adopted as the unofficial symbol of New Orleans. This adaptation, commonly referred to as the fleur-de-lis, is a three-sectioned symbol that depicts a cross-section of an iris flower. The most famous use of the iris was its adaptation on the royal banners of the Bourbon dynasty in France. The many colors and elegance of the flower have led it to be associated with royalty throughout history. With availability in many colors, it is no surprise that Iris is the name of the Greek goddess of the rainbow. The iris is one of the most famous flowers depicted in art, perhaps second only to the iconic rose. Dutch Iris ( Iris x hollandica) for the Farmer Florist